SPEECH ACT

According to J. austin speech act is another word for 'language can do', which means need to act.
Speech act theory, it is another method by which philosopher and linguist have tried to classify the ways in which human use language, in this case by treating it as parallel to other actions which humans perform.
Proponents of speech act theory try, in the first place, to list the various possible speech acts which speaker might attempt to perform statement, request, queries, commands, promises, palcing of bets, and so on.
(I state that:) it’s cold
(I ask you:) what’s the time?
( I command you:) go away!
These are examples of direct speech acts: the act is expressed overtly by the most obvious linguistic means. But many speech acts are indirect, in that they possess the syntactic structure more usually associated with another act. For example, the following might all be intended as commands, yet only the first has the typical command structure:
Go to bed!
Isn’t it past your bedtime?
You should have been in bed long ago.